直肠癌早期诊断50例临床分析

Clincal Analysis on the Early Diagnosis of Rectal Carcinoma in 50 Cases

为提高直肠癌早期诊断率，对50例临床门诊疑似病例中，直肠指诊、细胞涂片检查阴性者，于第3日行肿块穿刺、作细胞学检查，如仍为阴性，则于1周内取标本作病理检查。50例中直肠指诊、细胞涂片检查阳性者占3．5％，肿块穿刺结果阳性者占18，8％，活检病理学检查阳性者为88．9％。结果表明，直肠癌临床门诊一般检查法中，指诊涂片与肿块穿刺检查的阳性率较低，但操作简便，痛苦小，费用低。病理活检检查的阳性率高，是确诊的依据，但有一定的创伤，操作较严格而复杂，检查成本也较高。

The objective of the study is to raise the early diagnosis rate of rectal carcinoma. In the 50 clinically suspected cases ,those whose digital examination and cells smear examination were negative then received tumor puncture ＆ cytological examination at third day,and if latter examinations were still negative then received further pathological examination within one week. As results ,positive rate of digital examination of rectum ＆ cells smear examination was 3.5% ,that of tumor puncture was 18.8% ,and that of biopsy ＆ pathological examination was 88.9%. These suggest that clinical routine examinations （digital exam. ,smear ,tumor puncture ）for rectal carcinoma are of lower positive rate ,and are simple in manipulation ,less in pain ＆ lower in expense; while biopsy and pathological examination are of higher positive rate and can be served as the basis of diagnosis ,and are traumatic ,more complicated in manipulation ＆ higher in expense.