管输水力摩阻不分区计算与实验研究

Experimental Research and Universal Hydraulic Calculation of Pipe Flow

长输管道输送一般处于紊流区,紊流区的水力摩阻计算一直采用分区计算的方法,涉及到的公式较多,使用起来不方便,并且分区附近存在数值跃变;由于混合摩擦区的计算通常采用近似公式,误差增加,最大甚至可达百分之十几.科尔布鲁克公式被公认为是计算混合摩擦区摩阻因数的准确公式,也可近似地用于水力光滑区和完全粗糙区的计算.文中给出了基于科尔布鲁克公式的水力摩阻计算公式,用该公式统一紊流区水力摩阻计算,并对不同油品在同一管道中流动的水力摩阻损失进行了实验研究,用实验数据分析了水力摩阻计算公式的误差.研究表明,紊流区的水力摩阻计算可不分区,均采用科尔布鲁克公式,以利于工程计算,同时可提高混合摩擦区的计算精度.

It is stressed that the Colebreok＇s transition zone formula can be used in whole turbulent flow. Based on the popularity of computer and the adapted Colebreok＇s formula, in the paper a new equation for pipe-friction head loss is put forward in pipeline. With the innovation, hydraulic calculations of pipe flow would be more accurate and ideal, while the argument of bow to district the turbulent and the trouble of separately calculating friction of different district may be canceled. Frictional resistance losses of 90^# gasoline and 0^# diesel in pipe are experimented. And errors between approximate formula and Colebrook formula are analyzed.