高粱固态白酒发酵中菌类产生高级醇的研究

Study on Higher Alcohols Production by Microbes in the Course of Sorghum Solid-State Chinese-liquor Fermentation

以正丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、异戊醇、正戊醇为高级醇代表，研究它们在酒精度８°的液体高粱培养基中的蒸出率，得出这５种醇各自的蒸出曲线。在此基础上，研究从白酒固态发酵曲粉和酒醅中分离，并经初步鉴定的优势菌株产生高级醇的能力。结果是酵母菌３３株（分属于８个属）均可产生异丁醇和异戊醇，而正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇则由不同的酵母菌株产生，芽孢菌１１个种均产生正戊醇，只有个别菌种产生异戊醇。霉菌１５株（分属于１１个属）中大部分菌株不产高级醇，只有个别菌株产生少量的异丁醇和异戊醇。

In this research n-propanol,n-butyl alcohol,iso-butyl alcohol,iso-pentyl alcohol and n-pentyl alcohol were taken as representative of higher alcohols and their distilled rates and curves were detemined.Based on the results,the ability of the strains that were isolated from Baofeng Daqu and solidstate fermentation substrate and were purified and identified to produce higher alcohols were studied.The results are the sorts and content of higher alcohols preduced by the strains of yeast are more than all other strains and most of all strains of Bacillus can only produce n-pentyl alcohol and a few strains of mould can produce iso-butyl alcohol and iso-pentyl alcohol.