野生中药祁术人工栽培基质的筛选

Selecting Matrix to Cultivate Wild Traditional Chinese Medicine Atractylocle macracephala koidz Growing in Qimen

在无菌条件下培养祁术种子和根状茎的芽,出苗后移植在松针土、有机土和混合土(有机土+蛭石+珍珠岩按照5:1:1)中生长。结果表明,混合土中种子苗叶片数和叶面积最大．分别比有机土中增加34．8％和50．3％,比松针土中增加47．8％和58．5:混合土中种子苗根系长比有机土中提高42．2％,比松针土中提高11．1％,根系直径分别提高29．2％和54．2％:混合土中种子苗鲜重为松针土的2倍、有机土的2．9倍。同样的趋势也表现在芽殖苗生长中:混合土中的芽殖苗叶片数和叶面积比松针土中分别增加了26．9％和40．1％,根系长和根系直径分别提高38．1％和64．3％．鲜重则达到松针土的3．6倍。因此,在有机土中加入少量蛭石和珍珠岩而制成的混合土是祁术人工栽培较为理想的基质。

Seeds and rhizome buds of wild traditional Chinese medicine Atractylocle macracephala koktz growing in Qimen were cultured under the aseptic condition. After emerges, test tube seedlings were transplanted in the pine needle earth, the organic soil and the mix earth （organic soil ＋ vermiculite ＋ pearlite according to 5：1：1） one seedling in each pot. The result indicated that, in the mix earth the seedling has more leaves and the larger leaf area than in the other two matrixes. In the mix earth, the two parameters of the seed seedling increase by 34.8% and 50.3% over the organic soil and by 47.8% and 58.5 over the pine needle earth, while those of the budding seedling increase by 26.9% and 40.1% over the pine needle earth. In the mix earth, the seed seedling root system is 42.2% longer than in the organic soil and 11.1% longer than in the pine needle earth, and the root system diameter enhances 29.2% and 54.2%, respectively. The similar tendency also displays in the budding seedling growth. In the mix earth, the root system of the budding seedling is 38.1% longer and the diameter is 64.3% larger than that in the pine needle earth. The fresh weight of the seed seedling in the mix earth is 2 times of that in the pine needle earth and 2.9 times of that in the organic soil, while that of the budding seedling in the mix earth reaches 3.6 times of that in the pine needle earth. Therefore, the mix earth made of organic soil and a little vermiculites and pearlite is a more ideal matrix to cultivate this plant.