流官群体与十九世纪民族地方志描述视角的变迁——以乾隆、道光、光绪本《凤凰厅志》比较研究为例

Regional Officials and Changing Descriptions of Minorities: A Comparative Study on Qianlong, Daoguang and Guangxu Editions of Fenghuang County Gazetteers

19世纪是中南、西南许多少数民族接受流官统治100余年之后的一个世纪,也是少数民族调整文化结构、迎接新世纪挑战的一个世纪。在这很关键的一个世纪中,这些流官(中央派来的社会精英群体),他们对少数民族的看法发生了什么样的变化?他们又有着怎样的社会抱负?他们又将把少数民族导向何方?本文通过对19世纪民族地方志描述视角变迁的叙述,试图从一个侧面为这几个问题提供一些答案。

By the nineteenth century, minorities in the Middle South and Southwest had been governed by the regional officials, social elites appointed by the central government, for about over 100 years. How did elite views of minorities change during this century and how did minority peoples reconstruct their euhures as they faced the challenges of a new century？ This article seeks to answer these questions through an examination of changing descriptions minorities in nineteenth - century gazetteers.