农村供水系统中应用危害分析和关键控制点原理的实例研究

Study on application of hazard analysis and critical control point in rural water supply system

目的探讨危害分析和关键控制点(HACCP)在农村供水系统中应用的可行性及效果。方法选择河北省丰宁满族自治县土城供水系统作为研究现场,参照WHOFAO食品法典委员会发布的《HACCP及其应用准则》和WHO的《饮水水质指南》进行危害分析和评价,并在此基础上寻找危害控制措施。结果农村供水系统中影响供水安全的关键控制点分布在从水源到用户的各个环节。采取控制措施,各供水环节的硝酸盐含量显著下降,其余水质指标在HACCP前后无显著性差异。供管水人员的业务水平平均分由75.2提高到86.6,前后有显著性差异。结论HACCP作为一种危害管理机制,应用于农村供水系统的水质管理是可行的。

Objective To study the feasibility and effect of the HACCP application in rural water supply systems. The Tucheng water supply system （TWSS） in Hebei Province was selected as study field. Methods The hazard analysis and evaluation were developed according to WHO/FAO ＂ HACCP System and Guidelines for Its Application＂ and WHO ＂Guidelines for drinking water quality＂. Results The CCP was found and the control measures were established based on hazard analysis. The present study showed that the CCP could be found in all steps of the water supply system. After the HACCP application in TWSS, no distinct improvement of water quality was observed, but the occupational technical knowledge score of the staff was improved from 75.2 to 86.6. Conclusion The results indicated that as a risk management tool, application of HACCP in rural water supply system is feasible.