经验、理论与文化:三维视野中的科学——略论科学论中的科学家传统

On the Scientists' View of Science in History

在科学发展的历史上,不论在科学史、科学哲学和科学社会学成为独立的学科之前还是之后,实践中的科学家始终对科学进行着多层次、多角度的思考。这种思考不是科学家的“业余爱好”,而是科学事业的一个固有的组成部分,并形成了自己独立的传统。这一传统是理解科学及其与社会、文化的关系最重要的思想资源之一。

During the history of science development, scientists think about the science itself continually from different prospective, whether after or before science studies being established. The achievements of these scientists about science is one of the most important thought sources for our understanding of science. This article outlines the scientists＇ view of science according to the following three dimensions, that is, experience, theory and culture.