西方欧美现代历史地理学的发展及其趋势

THE DEVELOPMENT AND TREND OF MODERN HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY IN THE WEST

现代历史地理学，作为现代地理学中的一个独立分支学科，是自十九世纪末才逐渐从西方历史学科中脱胎出来，至本世纪２０、３０年代发展成为一门现代学科，从２０年代至９０年代，西方现代历史地理学的发展经历了学科定义探讨时期、方法论探索时期、新哲学思维影响时期和９０年代以来的多元化研究趋势。纵观西方现代历史地理学的发展历程，历史地理学科的发展有三方面的推动力：新研究资料的发现、最佳研究方法的选择、研究思维的更新，而大量的具体研究实践，则是西方现代历史地理学得以长足发展的本源。

Modern historical geography has originated gradually from historical science since the end oflast century,and developed as a solitary branch of branch of modern geography up to 1930’s.On the development of modern historical geography in the west from 1920’s to 1990’s,there are four periods:(1) of discussing the discipline defimtion from 1920’s to 1950’s,which reflects the formal setting upof modern historical geography;(2)of inquiring the methodology from 1960’s to 1970’s,whichpromotes the concrete study on the historical geography;(3) of new philosophical minds from theends of 1970’s to 1980’s,which propels the synthetical research of historical geography as a whole;and (4)of the tendency of plural study since 1990,which marks the new reached peak of modernhistorical geography.Scanning the growing course of modern historical geography in the west,there are three impetuses:discovering the new data,choosing the best approach,and renewing thethoughts on the development of historical geography, neverthe less,the sum of concrete researchesis the origin for the permanent development of modern historical geography in the west.