从《新语》的天道观看陆贾思想的源流与归属

The idea of tiandao in Lu Jia's XinYu

陆贾《新语》在汉初承荀学的唯物论而变,提出“天人合策”的观点,又引入“天人灾异”思想,体现出明显的过渡色彩。其“天道观”是全书宇宙论基础。既弘扬了原始儒家重人为的理性精神,又吸收道家(黄老学)观点,将有为纳入道家遵循客观法则轨道,同时也将有为置于阴阳相感的宇宙图式中,溢露出天人感应的思想。

Lu Jia, a scholar who lived in the early period of Hart Dynasty, proposed his idea of ＂tianrenheyi＂ in his book Xinyu, which derived from the study of materialism by Xunzi. Simultaniously, he introduced the thought of ＂tianrenzaiyi＂, which obviously demostrates the trace of transition to new Confucianism. The idea of tiandao is the foundation of the theory of universe in his book. Lu＇ s book enhances the spirit of rationalism of respecting one＇ s youwei which belong to original Confucianism; on the other hand, it absorbs the points of view of Daoism. Jia made youwei on the road of following the objective rules of Daoism and put youwei into the universal system of yin and yang, which shows the thoughts of tianrenganying.