古汉语好恶偏义复词的语义指向与语言拜物教

Semantic Direction of the Good-bad Partially-directed Compound Word and Language Fetishism

好恶偏义复词是偏义复词中一个特殊的类,它由两个意义相反的语素构成,从人类的情感认知来说,这两个语素所表达的事物或概念往往有好坏美丑之分。现实生活中,人们的情感总是倾向于好的美的事物,可是这类词的语义却总是指向恶的丑的一面。从表面上看,这类词的语义指向与人类的情感认知是相矛盾的,其实在深层,由于语言拜物教的原因,二者有着必然的联系。

The good-bad partially-directed compound word is a particular branch of the compound word, which is formed by two opposite morphemes in meaning. One of the two opposite morphemes is good in meaning, however, the other is bad. In read life, people prefer to nice things in their sentiment whereas this type of words are always referred to the evil and ugly side of things in semantics. In appearance, their semantic direction is contradictory with human＇s sentimental cognition. However, for the sake of language fetishism, the two are necessarily connected with each other in essence.