试论丁若镛的天理人欲思想

Jung Yak Yong's Philosophy on Nature and Human Desires

丁若镛是朝鲜实学的集大成者,他的哲学思想具有“反朱子学”、“脱性理学”的特性。他认为朱子的人欲观是消极的,天理、人欲具有二元论价值体系,主张人欲是人所固有的要素,而且是支配人类行为的原动力。朱子与茶山在天理人欲观点上的不同,究其根源就在于他们对人性看法上的不同,即朱子主张“性即理”,而丁若镛主张“性嗜好”。

Dasan Jung Yak Yong was a master of the Korean Practical Learning, an ideology going the contrary to the Zhu Xi＇ s philosophy. By arguing that Zhu Xi＇ s theory on the human nature is impotent, he holds the dualism which separates the nature and human desires. He contends that the human desires are natural endowments of human being and thus govern the behaviors of human being. The difference of philosophical thinking of Zhu Xi and Jung Yak Yong is attributed to the different interpretations of human nature, the former believing human nature is subject to rationality whereas the latter holding that human nature is subject to human temperaments.