失控的政府与政府的失控

Unrestrained Executive and Executive Dominance

凡立宪国家,不管民主政治发展的实际程度如何,一般都采用分权制衡的权力结构模式,即国家的立法、行政和司法权都由不同的机构来行使。二战后,权力结构的重心不断向行政方面转移,原有的三权分立制衡机制失衡,使得行政权失去应有的制约,导致出现失控的政府;失控的政府致使行政权呈现无限扩大的趋势,导致政府失控。政府失控所带来的政治和社会问题,成为现代各国的一大难题。

All constitutional governments with differential levels of democratic politics, adopt the “Checks and Balances” power separation paradigm. That is to say, the state power is separated between legislative, judicial and executive branches. After the WWII, the state power has been usurped substantially by the executive branch, which tips the scale of the equilibrium of the power separation of the three and thus leads to the unrestrained executive branch. This results in the swelling power of the executive and the derivative political and social handicaps for countries in the world.