民初政党政治的社会生态环境分析

An analysis of the social eco-environment of the political activities of political parties in the early period of the Republic of China

民国初年出现了中国历史上政党政治活动的第一个高潮,其外在形式很有些接近于西方式的竞争性政党政治模式,然而民初政党政治最终却以悲剧性的失败结束。民初政党政治产生、发展、消亡的全过程都与当时的特定环境密切相关,它既是环境的产物,也是环境的牺牲品。因此从社会生态环境学的角度入手,对民初政党政治的发生及失败进行分析,力求以全新的视角剖析这一近现代中国历史上的独特现象,更好地总结历史的经验和教训是必要的。

The first climax of the political activities of political parties in the history of country appeared in the early period of the Republic of China. The external form of these activities of political parties were quite similar to the competitive model of the western politics of the political parties, however, the politics of political parties in this historical period finally ended in failure. This thesis analyzes the evolution and failure of the politics of the political parties in the early period of the Republic of China from the point of the social eco-environment, and puts forward that the whole process of the evolution, development and disappearance of the politics of political parties in the early period of the Republic of China was closely related with the peculiar environment of that time, and it is not only the product but also the victim of the environment.