冬型小麦品种在张家口坝下地区春播的生育表现

The Growth Expression of Winter-type Wheat Varieties under Spring Sown Conditions in Baxia Region of Zhangjiakou

1998年,在张家口坝下地区引进冬型小麦品种进行春播。结果表明,冬型小麦品种适期早播,生长发 育均正常。与当地春型小麦品种相比,成熟期延迟。在营养生长、营养生长和生殖生长并进和生殖生长这三大 生育阶段,表现为“长-短-短”的“两短一长”特征。播种一生理拔节期间的天数和同期间的日平均温度呈极 显著正相关。生理拔节-抽穗天数与此间的“平均光温积”呈极显著负相关,表现了温光互作效应。在一定温 度范围内,抽穗-成熟天数与此间日平均温度呈显著负相关。与春型小麦品种相比,弱冬性的冀麦7号千粒重 和产量较高。通过在张家口坝下地区引种试验,冬型小麦品种表现了较强的生态适应性。

The expression of winter-type wheat varieties were conducted in Baxia region of Zhangjiakou in 1998. The results showed：winter-type wheat varieties were sown in spring proper time, all the wheat sown grew normally. In comparison with the local spring wheat varieties, the maturity period was postponed. During the 3 growth phases of vegetative growth, vegetativereproductive growth and reproductiae growth, the winter-type varieties demonstrated a “ two-short and one-long” phenomenon （long-short-short） in Baxia region of Zhangjiakou. There existed a great significant active correlation between the days from sowing to jointing and the daily mean temperature. There existed a significant negative correlation between the days from jointing to heading and the “average light-temperature accumulation” ,displaying a temperature-light interaction effect. Under certain temperature rangs, the days between heading and maturity had significant negative correlation with daily mean temperature. In comparison with spring-type wheat varieties, slight winter-type wheat variaties Jimai-7 had higher 1000-grain weight. It was concluded from the results of expression that the winter-type wheat varieties had a wide ecological adaptability in Baxia region of Zhangjiakou .