皂荚化学成分及杀鼠活性初步研究

Preliminary Study on Chemical Constituents and Rat-killing Activity of Gleditsia Sinensis

试管和圆形滤纸预试法研究表明:皂荚乙醇提取液中含有酚类物质、皂甙、黄酮、甾体(或萜类)、糖、 多糖(或甙类)和强心甙等成分。对小鼠(Mus musculus)活性测定表明。乙醇提取液在饵料中的含量为15％时, 小鼠的平均食毒量为20．80g／kg,对小鼠的毒杀率为80％;饵料中皂荚样品的含量为15％和10％时,小鼠的平 均食毒量分别为17．15g／kg和19．80g／kg,对小鼠的毒杀率分别为90％和100％;提取液中的化学成分基本 包括了皂荚杀鼠的活性成分,且适口性较原粉为好;以家鸡(Gallus domestiaus)为供试动物进行二次中毒试 验,试验过程中无鸡的死亡现象发生。

On the basis of pretesting by turb and filter paper ,make sure that Gleditsia sinensis L am in alcohd liquid contained phenols, saponins, flavonoids, sterol or triterpene, sugar, polysaccharides or glycosides and cardiac glycosides and so on. Through the testing of killing rat activity, the result showed, when alcohol liquid＇s content in the bait was 15%, the average poisons quantity of the rat eats was 20.80 g/kg, the killing rate to Mus musculus was 80% ; the content of Gleditsia sinensis in bait am was 15%and 10%, the average poisons quantity of the rat eats was 17.15 g/kg and 19.80 g/ kg, the killing rate to Mus was 90% and 100%; the liquid that taken from material contained killing rat＇s activity part, and the edibility was also better than the material of Gleditsia sinensis L am. the safety experiment with the chicken had no twice poisoning.