一起光气等有毒物质泄漏事故分析

Analysis on an Accident of Phosgene Poisonous Substance Leakage

目的分析一起光气等化合物泄漏事故的原因、危害程度以及抢救危重病人成功经验。方法通过现场调查,危重病人抢救的全过程病例分析,以及其他接触者的系统观察分析。结果该次事故共有561人受毒物泄漏污染影响,经按GBZ 29-2002《职业性急性光气中毒诊断标准》诊断,急性光气重度中毒2例(死亡1例)、中度中毒1例、轻度中毒18例、刺激反应10例,另有14例医护人员因受固体光气污染出现刺激反应。结论该次毒气泄漏事故主要毒物是光气和固体光气,由于抢救及时,处理得当,没有造成严重后果。

[Objective] To analyze the causes for an accident of phosgene poisonous substance leakage and its hazardous level. [Methods] Analysis was made on the whole salvage course for the patients in emergency and for other exposed people. [Results] 561 people suffered from the leakage. The diagnosis made according to the “iagnosis Criteria for Occupational Acute PhosgenePoisoning”indicated that 2 cases were severe poisoning, 1 case was moderate poisoning, 18 cases were mild poisoning and 10 cases had some irritation reactions; 14 members of the medical staff also had some irritation reactions due to solid phosgene contamination. [Conclusion] The leaking poisonous substance was mainly phosgene and solid phosgene. It was thanks to timely salvage that no serious aftermath occurred.