全蝎的酶解工艺研究

Technique of enzymatic hydrolysis of Scorpion

目的以全蝎为研究对象,优选胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶酶解全蝎的工艺条件,用抗肿瘤药效验证提取工艺的可行性。方法以丙氨酸含量为指标,以酶解温度、时间和酶底比为考察因素,用正交试验设计法筛选酶解的最佳工艺条件,并用凯氏定氮法测定此条件下的蛋白质的水解率。结果确定酶解工艺为:全蝎先用40℃人工胃液加入2.5%(酶底比)胃蛋白酶酶解4 h,残渣转入53℃人工肠液加入5.0%胰蛋白酶酶解4 h。用凯氏定氮法测得此条件下的蛋白质的水解率可达80.7%。结论经抗肿瘤药效验证,全蝎酶解提取物对肝癌H22有明显的抑癌活性,酶提物的抑瘤作用强于全蝎原粉。

Objective To optimize the technique condition of enzymatic hydrolysis of Scorpion with pepsin and trypsin and to test the availability of this techneque with anti - tumour drugs. Methods The orthogonal test was used to select the best technique condition with alanine content as the index, the temperature, time and ratio of enzyme to substrate as the observation factors. Kjeldahl nitrogen method was used to determine the protein hydrolysis ratio under this condition. Result The best condition was as follows： Scorpion was firstly hydrolyzed for 4 hours in an artificial gastric liquid at 40℃ which contained 2.5% pepsin （pepsin to substrate）. Then the residue was hydrolyzed for 4 hours in artificial intestine liquid which was heated to 53℃ and contained 5.0% trypsin （trypsin to substrate）. The protein hydrolysis ratio in this condition determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen method had reached 80.7%. Conclusion The hydrolysis extract of Scorpion has a significant anti - tumour activity through the test of anti - tumour drugs. Its anti - tumour effect is stronger than that of crude powder of Scorpion.