中国古典诗词译解方法之浅见

On the Interpretation of Chinese Ancient Poetry

人们对于传世汉籍的译解和诠释有一个大致相同的地方,即为今所用、为己所用。中国古典诗词译解方法亦秉持这种态度。就个人积年研究所得,大致有以下四点见解奉献给读者:一、在译解诗词时,要准确理解字句词汇的本义或引申义,对于字词的多义性尤要审慎辨析。二、在译解诗词时,要准确把握诗词中意象的特色,正确地领会诗词中典的含义。三、在译解诗词时,必须把握诗词的文体特点,既要细细梳理其篇章结构,又要细细体味流淌在字里行间的情感脉络,从整体上把握好全诗的抒情特质。四、在译解诗词时,力求知人论世,搞清楚诗人写作诗词的背景,包括社会环境和个人遭遇等;同时也应积极以意逆志,尽量揆情度理,以合理的联想进行合理的补充。

There are four elements in the work of interpreting Chinese ancient poetry. First, one should understand with accuracy the literal sense as well as the extended meaning of a word or phrase. Second, one should pay close attention to the characteristics of imagery and meanings of allusions. Third, one should examine carefully the stylistic features of the poetry in the sense of both delineating the structures and reading between the lines for an overall understanding of the lyric features. Fourth, one should try to get as much background information about the poets as possible by studying the social environment and their life experiences. What can also be helpful is some use of imagination when necessary.