甲壳素微波法脱乙酰制备壳聚糖的研究

Research on Chitosan Preparation by Microwave Deacetylation of Chitin

本文采用微波技术由甲壳素脱乙酰制备壳聚糖,首次对在微波反应前采用乙醇浸泡对甲壳素进行预处理的条件进行了较为系统的研究,并通过单因素试验和正交试验分析了微波反应时间、碱液浓度、乙醇浸泡时间、乙醇浓度、微波功率对壳聚糖脱乙酰度和粘均分子量的影响,提出了制备高脱乙酰度、高粘均分子量壳聚糖的最优条件为(微波功率462W):微波反应时间20min,NaOH浓度50%,乙醇浸泡时间2.5h,乙醇浓度80%。在该条件下制得的壳聚糖脱乙酰度为77.07%,粘均分子量为43.13万,得率为68.98%。

Chitosan was prepared in this paper from chitin by applying microwave technique. Ethanol was employed to soak the chitin before microwave treatment, and the condition of the ethanol pretreatment was studied systematically for the first time. Through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiment, the effects of some factors on the degree of deacetylation and molecular weight of the chitosan product were studied. The optimized conditions of preparing chitosan product with relatively high degree of deacetylation and high molecular weight were provided, as follows （with microwave power being 462W）： reaction time under microwave treatment 20min, concentration of NaOH 50%, soaking time of ethanol 2.5h and concentration of ethanol 80%. Under such conditions, degree of deacetylation and molecular weight of the chitosan product were 77.07% and 4.313 ×10^5, respectively, and the yield of the product was 68.98%.