战后西方国家关于安全问题研究的演变——扩展安全研究范围的探讨

Evolution of Postwar Western Security Studies—A Study of the Broadening of the Scope of Security Studies

本文主要探讨战后西方(主要是美国)安全研究的演变及其特点。在冷战的高峰期,以军事或者国家为主的安全概念占支配地位,安全研究便等同于战略研究,于是安全就被定义在了军事安全这一特别狭窄的范围里。20世纪70-80年代和后冷战时期国际形势发生巨大变化,片面的安全概念和安全研究开始面临着新的挑战;理论背景各异的学者们也开始从各自不同的视角出发,着手研究安全问题。作者认为,以军事安全或国家安全为中心、狭义、片面的安全概念及安全研究已经不再适应当今的国际环境,有必要扩大安全概念及安全研究领域。

This article focuses on the evolution and distinctive features in security studies in postwar Western countries,with emphasis on the United States.At the height of the Cold War,the narrow concept of military and national security became dominant,and security studies became equivalent to strategic studies.After the 1970-1980's,with the changes in international environment and the end of the Cold War,the narrow concept of security and security studies were challenged.Scholars from various backgrounds got involved in the security studies from different perspectives.The author believes that the narrow concept of military and national security no longer suits the current international environment,and the broadening of the security concepts and security studies is needed.