单分散纳米氧化锑的研制

Preparation of monodispersed Sb_2O_3 nanoparticles

以三氯化锑为原料,通过醇解、水解反应,表面活性剂处理,制备了单分散纳米Sb_2O_3,利用因素轮换法和正交试验,系统地研究了各种因素和水平对于制备单分散纳米Sb_2O_3的影响,利用沉降法和透射电镜研究了作为分散剂使用的表面活性剂的种类和用量对纳米Sb_2O_3的形态和粒径影响.结果表明,制备单分散纳米Sb_2O_3最佳条件是反应温度为318K,醇化时间为1h,SbCl3在无水乙醇中的浓度为0·17g·ml-1;表面活性剂对分散和稳定纳米Sb_2O_3具有重要作用,用1·0ml的聚乙二醇-400或0·3g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵处理1g纳米Sb_2O_3,可以得到单分散的平均粒径约为25nm的Sb_2O_3.

The monodispersed nano-Sb2O3 was prepared from SbCl3 as raw material by alcoholysis, hydrolysis and treatment with surfactants. Various factors and levels in the preparation of monodispersed Sb2O3 nanoparticles were studied with changing factors and orthogonal test. The effects of the type and amount of surfactants as dispersant on the size and morphology were also studied with TEM and sedimentation. The results showed that the optimum conditions of preparing monodispersed Sb2O3 nanoparticles were concentration of SbCla in CH3CH2OH 0. 17 g · ml^-1 , reaction temperature 318 K and reaction time 1 h. The surfactants, as shown in the experiments, were important to disperse and keep Sb2O3 nanoparticles. The monodispersed nano-Sb2O3 of about 25 nm could be obtained by treating 1 g nano-Sb2O3 with 1.0 ml PEG or 0.3 g CTAB.