施肥对稻曲病发生的影响及30%王铜悬浮剂田间药效试验

Effect of fertilization on incidence of rice false smut and efficacy of 30% cupric sulfate on the disease in field experiment.

为探索病害综合治理的有效途径,进行了施肥对稻曲病的影响及30%王铜悬浮剂田间药效试验.追施氮肥试验中,在常规施用基肥的基础上设置12个追肥+穗肥用量处理,随着追肥量的增加,病穗率、病粒率均增加,追肥15 kg+穗肥10 kg处理的病穗率和病粒率均为最高,分别达17.92%和14.19%;当追肥量一定时,病穗率、病粒率随着穗肥施用量的增加而增加.极差分析表明,增施穗肥对稻曲病发生的影响大于追肥.在分蘖始期追施复合肥试验中,施复合肥40 kg/667 m2的病穗率和病粒率比对照分别减少7.16%和6.85%,与其它处理差异极显著.破口前7 d单次施用30%王铜悬浮剂400 g/667 m2的处理组防效为74.75%,于破口前7 d+破口期二次施药,防效达85.36%,均显著高于对照药剂20%三唑酮乳油.

Presently rice false smut is getting ineeasingly serious in Wenzhou area, Zhejiang Province. For exploring an intergrated control of the disease an investigation concerning the effect of fertilization on incidence of the disease and efficacy of cupric sulfate on control of the disease in field experiment was carried out. It was demanstrated that head disease incidence and grain disease incidence increased with increase in amount of fertilizer applied increased during the growth stage and up to 17.92% and 14. 19%, respectively, at 15 kg/667 m^2 top application plus 10 kg/667 m^2 heading fertilization level. The effect of heading application on the disease incidence was significantly higher than that of top application. The rates of head disease incidence and grain disease incidence were lowered by 7.16% and 6.85%, respectively, when complex fertilizer （N14%, P2O5 12%, K2O 14%）was used at the level of 40 kg/667 m^2 instead of normal level. The control efficacy of 30% cupric sulfate applied 14 d before heading with dosage of 400 g/667 m^2 was 74.75%,and that applied for twice （14 d and 7d before heading） with the same dosage was 85. 36%, both being significantly higher than that of reference fungicide 20% Triadimefon.