3种温度标准下的舱外航天服手套的工效评价试验研究

Experimental Investigations of Work Efficiency Evaluation of EVA Spacesuit Glove under Three Temperature Standards

航天员在进行舱外作业时会受到低温的影响,规划航天服手套的温度工效标准具有重要作用。以力量、疲劳、感知感觉和协调性为工效评价指标,在中指指尖皮肤表面温度为常温、15.6℃和10℃3种温度下试验研究了低温环境对手套作业工效的影响。试验发现:①中指指尖皮肤表面温度控制在15.6℃时,工效受到的影响还不明显。在设计手套时,应保证中指指尖皮肤表面温度控制在15.6℃以上;②中指指尖皮肤表面温度在10℃左右工效受到的影响较为明显,其中感知感觉指标受到的影响较大,然后依次为疲劳、力量和协调性。舱外航天服手套的温度标准对于液冷通风服的设计也具有实用的参考意义。

The astronauts are subject to the influence of low temperature when they perform tasks outside the spaceship. That the standards of the work efficiency of the temperature of the glove work are programmed is very important. This article studies the influence of low temperature on the work efficiency of the glove work when the skin surface temperature of the middle fingertip is normal temperature, 15.6℃ and 10℃, in which the strength, fatigue, sensibility and flexibility are made as evaluation targets. The experiment indicates： （1） The influence on the work efficiency of glove is not obvious when the temperature is controlled at 15.6℃. Therefore the temperature of the middle fingertip skin should be controlled higher than 15.6 ℃ in glove design. （2） The influence on the work efficiency of glove is relatively obvious when the temperature is about 10℃. The sensibility is influenced most obviously, and then is the fatigue, strength and flexibility do in descending order. The temperature standards of EVA spacesuit glove have practical reference purpose to design liquid and ventilation cooling garment.