城市地质学综述

A Review of Urban Geology

城市三维地质条件的调查主要采用机械钻探与地球物理勘探相结合的方法,通过收集大量资料,建立比较完整的数据库,并借助于地理信息系统,建立三维地质模型;城市地质灾害调查需综合运用遥感、地质和地球物理勘探方法,以编制城市灾害分布及预测图,并进行风险评估;城市环境污染调查则主要运用勘探地球化学技术,在区域地球化学填图的基础上,结合各项地质环境指标监测,采用风险评估方法,以评价和预测环境污染状况及其未来趋势。城市地质各项成果向数字化、可视化的信息产品转化,为更多用户提供信息服务,促进城市规划、土地利用与开发,是现代城市地质学发展的必由之路。

Urban geology mainly deals with issues of 3D geological conditions, geo-hazards and environmental pollution in cities. （ 1 ） Drilling and geophysical techniques are used to obtain detailed 3D geological data, build full urban databases and further set up 3D models. （2）Remote sensing, geological and geophysical techniques are utilized to draw maps of distribution of urban geo-hazards, and risk evaluation methods are introduced to predict future geo-hazards. （3）Based on geochemical survey and conditional monitoring for many kinds of geological marks, risk evaluation can be used to predict future trend of urban environmental pollution. All results of urban geological survey should be digitalized and visualized to be available for more potential clients, and make a better service for urban planning, land use and development.