从经济战到石油外交——20世纪70年代日本对中国大陆的石油贸易

From Economic War to Petroleum Diplomacy: Towards Japan' s Petroleum Trade with China's Mainland in the 1970s

中日两国曾在第二次世界大战期间打过一场经济战,但这场战争结束20多年后的1978年,双方又签订了《中日长期贸易协议》,展开了石油贸易。文章在论述这一协议交涉的政治过程之后,从日本的“经济安全保障”战略、中国大陆的外汇战略以及当时牵制前苏联与日本共同开发秋明油田及建设第二条西伯利亚铁路战略的角度着重考察在石油贸易背后所隐藏的政治外交问题。

China and Japan were engaged in a war of economy during the Second World War. But in 1978, more than 20 years after the war, the two countries signed or entered into Sino - Japanese Long - term Trade Agreement, thus embarking on petroleum trade between the two sides. Following an account of the political process involved in the agreement, this paper concentrates on an investigation of the political and diplomatic issues hidden behind the petroleum trade. The investigation is conducted from the perspectives of the strategy of Japan＇ s economic security, China's Mainland＇ s strategy of foreign exchange and the strategy of preventing the former Soviet Union and Japan from jointly opening up Qiuming Oil Field and building the second Siberian railway.