论司法改革的合法性

On Legitimacy of Judiciary Reform

发端于20世纪80年代的中国司法改革迄今为止已经进行了二十多年。但是,近年来,我国地方检、法机关推行的一系列司法改革举措在合法性方面却频频受到学界的质疑。作为一项法律活动,司法改革应当遵循合法性原则,但是改革的性质也决定了司法改革必须突破实在法的规定。合法律性并非合法性的唯一含义,突破现有法律也并不必然意味着司法改革因此就丧失了合法性。作为西方政治学、法学的一个基本理论范畴,综合自然法学与实证主义法学两大流派的观点,合法性应当包括形式和实质双重要求。司法改革的合法性也包括形式合法性和实质合法性两个层面,其中任何一个层面的缺失都会导致司法改革的合法性危机。重塑司法改革的合法性理论有助于解决我国司法改革所面临的一系列问题,推动我国司法改革的顺利进行。

The judiciary reform of China has been proceeded for more than twenty years till now. But recently, the legitimacy of our judiciary reform has been occasionally oppugned by scholars. Judiciary reform as a legal activity, should follow the principle of legitimacy, but legitimacy does not mean that the reform must be limited to the existing law. Legitimacy is not legality; it includes two aspects： the form and the essence. It is important to rebuild the theory of legitimacy to resolve the legitimacy crisis of our judiciary reform.