8[9]Christopher Harding and Julian Joshua,Regulating Cartels in Europe,Oxford University Press,2003.
9库尔特·马尔克特.美国反托拉斯的现状和发展趋势[J].美国和德国的经济与经济法,1991,.
10[1]An organization of independent enterprises from the same or similar area of economic activity,formed for the purpose of promoting common economic interests by controlling competition between themselves.See Christopher Harding and Julian Joshua,Regulating Cartels in Europe,Oxford University Press,first published 2003,12.