河流入海物质通量对海、陆环境变化的响应

Material Flux From River to Sea and Its Response to Land and Sea Environment Changes

入海河流物质通量研究是陆-海相互作用和全球海洋通量联合研究计划的重要命题。我国是最早开展物质通量研究的国家之一。自20世纪90年代以来,国家自然科学基金项目和国家重大基础研究计划项目都开展了有关河流和边缘海物质通量的研究,即将开始的全国海岸带环境调查专项也把主要河流物质入海通量及其海洋环境效应研究作为主要内容之一。根据当前国内外河流物质通量研究的最新进展,较系统地阐述了河流入海物质通量的概念和对邻近大陆和海洋环境变化的响应。并在此基础上强调指出,河流入海物质通量是研究陆-海相互作用及其全球变化效应的重要参量。归纳了河流入海物质通量研究中需要解决的关键问题。

The study on material flux from river to sea is an important subject of programs “Joint Global Ocean Flux Study（JGOFS）” and “Land Ocean Interaction of Coastal Zone（LOICZ）”, and China is one of pioneering countries to make the material flux study. Since 1990s, some projects granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key Basic Research Development Plan of China have made the studies on river flux and marginal sea flux, and the incoming thematic program “National Investigation of Coastal Zone Environment” has taken the study on material flux from major rivers to the seas and its effects on marine environment as one of main tasks. In this paper, based on the new advances in the study on river material flux at home and abroad, the concept of material flux from river to sea and its response to the adjacent land and sea envirnment changes are systematically expounded, and then it is emphatically pointed out that the material flux from river to sea is an important parameter for studying the land-sea interaction and its effects on the global changes. Finally, the problems needing solving in studying the material flux from river to sea are summarized.