长白山暗针叶林苔藓植物在养分循环中的作用

Roles of bryophyte in nutrient cycling in dark coniferous forest of Changbai Mountains.

测定了长白山暗针叶林5种主要苔藓植物养分含量,并结合生物量的测定结果,推算单位面积的苔藓植物养分含量.结果表明,单位面积苔藓植物氮含量为54.371kg.hm-2,是乔、灌、草总氮量的12.22%;钾含量为12.042kg.hm-2,是乔、灌、草总钾量的5.63%;磷含量为31.679kg.hm-2,是乔、灌、草总磷量的70.57%,超过了乔木磷含量,是草本植物磷含量的2.4倍、灌木磷含量的792倍,苔藓植物是暗针叶林重要的磷库.同时测定不同苔藓盖度下土壤中的养分含量.方差分析结果显示,不同苔藓盖度下土壤中氮、钾含量差别不大,磷含量差异显著,没有苔藓覆盖的土壤中磷含量最高,为0.419±0.023g.kg-1;苔藓盖度为第6级(80%～100%),土壤中磷含量最低,为0.346±0.017g.kg-1,随苔藓盖度的增加土壤中磷含量有减少的趋势.

This paper measured the nutrient contents of five main bryophytes in the dark coniferous forest of Changbai Mountains, and estimated their values per unit area. The results showed that bryophyte had a nitrogen content 54. 371 kg·hm^-2, being 12.22 % of total nitrogen content of arbor, shrub and herb, and its potassium and phosphorous content was 12.042 kg·hm^-2 and 31. 679 kg·hm^-2, occupying 5.63 % and 70.57 % of the total, respectively. The phosphorous content of bryophyte was higher than that of arbor, and 2.4 and 792 times as much as that of herb and shrub, respectively, indicating that bryophyte was an important phosphorous pool. Soil nitrogen and potassium content under different coverage of bryophyte had little difference, while soil phosphorous content was significantly different. The soil with no bryophyte coverage had the highest phosphorous content （0. 419± 0. 023 g·kg^-1 ）, while that with 80 % - 100 % bryophyte coverage had the lowest one （0. 346±0.017 g·kg^-1）, suggesting that soil phosphorous content was decreased with increasing bryophyte coverage.