“一五”时期的投资与制度变革

Investment and Institutional Change in the First Five-year Plan Period

“一五”期间,我国资源供求状况及其配置方式发生巨大变化,这些变化与这一时期的投资过热和经济波动存在必然联系.“一五”时期的投资是个连续大起大落的过程,两次冒进间隔时间短,这在建国以来的投资史上是少见的.由于投资规模过大、增长速度过快,导致生产资料和消费品供求形势全面紧张,促使国家将计划管理的力度和范围不断加大,从而加快了三大改造的步伐,全面建立起了计划经济体制.但自此也形成了追求高速度和外延、粗放型的增长方式.

Great changes in the supply and demand and allocation of resources took place during the First Five-year Plan period, which was related to the overheated investment and economic fluctuations in the same period. Investment in the First Five-year Plan period experienced continuous major ups and downs with a very short interval between two rash advances, seldom seen in the history of investment since the founding of New China. Over-sized investment and over rapid growth gave rise to an overall shortage in the supply of means of production and consumer goods,prompting the state to strengthen and broaden planned management, which, in turn, quickened the steps of the 'three great transformations' and introduced an all-round planned economic system. But a speed-oriented and extensive growth pattern also began to take shape.