我国几种主要畜牧机械的发展与展望

The Development and Prospect of Several Animal Husbandry Machines in China

本文综述了我国几种主要畜牧机械的发展历史、当前现状及存在问题。指出我国畜牧机械虽起步较晚，但经多年建设，已从单一品种发展形成了草原改良、牧草种植、饲草料加工、养殖机具、检测仪器等门类较齐全的成套设备。当前我国畜牧机械存在的主要问题是草原建设及牧草收获机械技术含量低、可靠性差；饲料加工机械品种不全，结构单一、机具老化；畜禽饲养及畜产品采集加工自动化程度较低等。结合国外畜牧科技发展，指出品种多样化、功能专业化、规模大型化、定量精确化、控制自动化、管理技术数字信息化、注意环境可持续发展应该是我国畜牧机械发展的主方向。

In this paper, the development history and existing condition on stockbreeding machine in China were reviewed. It was inferred that great achievements had been taken on stockbreeding machines in China,which had experienced from single sort to production of complete sets of equipment including machine used for grassland improvement, forage cultivation and animal culture and testing instruments etc. The questions were also indicated, which included low technical level and weak dependability in machine of grassland development and grass harvester, oldly incomplete and single sorts in feed processing machine, and low degree of automation in stock farming and animal product collecting and processing machine etc. At the same time, it was suggested the principal direction of development of stockbreeding machine in China was to diversification of varieties, specialization of function, have a large scale, precisely quantification, control by automation, management by digitization and informatization and sustainable development with environment referring to foreign scitech development concerning animal husbandry.