对我国民事执行制度的经济学分析——效率、制度及管理

An Economic Analysis on System of Civil Execution

民事判决执行难是当前民事司法活动的重大问题之一。执行难的突出表现是执行缺乏效率,执行制度缺乏有效管理以及执行行为运作不规范。法律经济学的基本理论认为,所有法律活动,包括一切立法和司法以及整个法律制度事实上是在发挥着分配稀缺资源的作用,所有法律活动都要以资源的有效配置和利用———即效率极大化为目的。民事执行制度的改革实质上是对执行资源的重新配置,是一种制度的重新架构。对民事执行权的再分配、对执行活动的规范管理、对执行周期的控制、对执行人员的培训等改革措施都是为了降低执行成本,增大执行收益,提高执行效率。

Difficulties in civil execution are one of very important problems in civil procedure in China, which displays mainly on three aspects, that is, execution short of efficiency, execution institution lack of supervise and execution carried on irregularly. The theory of legal-economical considers that all legal actions actually play the role of assigning the rare resources. The reform of civil execution procedure must focus on the redistribution of execution resources and rebuilding of execution institution.