走出大众民主的困境——穆勒的代议制度

Step Out of the Dilemmas of Popular Democracy——An Inquiry into J.S.Mill's Representative Institutional Design

约翰.穆勒基于对民主政治的制度分析,希望通过提升代议制度的理智因素抵抗大众民主的智能低下和集体暴虐,运用民主制度特有的公共理性来约束代表的集权倾向,从而在实现个性自由基础上增进社会福利。为了走出大众民主的困境,穆勒在良好政府形式的判断标准、理想政体和议会选举方面提出了一系列制度安排和精神资源。

Based on his institutional analysis of the democratic politics, John Stuart Mill designed representative govemment, expected to use its reason ingredient to counteract the collective violence from popular democracy, used the public reason of representative de- mocracy to restrict the incline of representative power centralization, intended to improve social welfares based on individual liberties. In order to step out of the dilemmas of popular democracy, Mill put forward a series of institution arrangements and mental resources on ＇,hc principles of a good govemment judgments, ideal policies and parliament election.