从法律的角度看新公共管理

On The New Public Management from the Angle of Legal Science

二十世纪七十年代末八十年代初首先启端于英美国家的新公共管理已经成为概括西方公共管理最新发展趋势的一个学术概念,并且在理论上和实践上得到了迅速发展。但是,新公共管理理论或者称之为新公共管理改革基本上都发生在英、美、澳、新西兰等盎格鲁—撒克逊体系的国家。本文试图从法学的角度找出其原因。英美法系和大陆法系之划分是法学中公认的法律分类法;而新公共管理中的核心思想是利用私法契约来提供公共服务。本文通过对两大法系和契约制度的分析,认为作为大陆法系的我国基于政治法律传统应该选择法治国家模式进行政府管理改革。

Since the 1980s, the emergence of a new approach in the public sector management has been positive response to the traditional public administration, which develops rapidly in practice and theory. However, the reform of New Public Management developed in the state of Anglo-Saxon system, America, England, Australia and New Zealand. The article tries to look for these reasons in the view of legal science. The classification between the Common Law and the Civil Law is generally acknowledged in the field of legal science. The core idea of NPM is to make use of contract to provide the services in the public sector. Based on the analysis of the Common Law and the Civil Law and system of contract, the author puts forward that we should choose the model of Legal State for government reform according to the tradition of politics and law in China.