原核生物信号识别颗粒(SRP)介导蛋白识别转运途径的研究进展

Research progress of targeting and translocation of proteins mediated by signal recognition particle in prokaryote

SRP介导的蛋白识别转运过程首先在真核细胞中发现,作用机制已经研究清楚;而SRP在原核细胞中的发现较晚,虽然该途径主要功能蛋白的序列同真核细胞相似,进化上比较保守,但作用机制还未完全揭示,而且SRP体系在原核生物物种间有一定差别,预示着其机制既有统一性,又具有物种特异性。目前原核生物SRP途径的研究主要集中在Ffh、FtsY和4.5SRNA结构与功能,以及这一过程中能量物质GTP的代谢和作用;文章以此为着眼点,概括总结了原核生物中SRP介导蛋白识别转运的研究进展,同时简单介绍了链霉菌中SRP介导蛋白识别转运的研究近况。希望通过链霉菌的相关研究,从进化角度完善和统一原核生物SRP途径的作用机制。

How proteins are targeted and translocated mediated by signal recognition particle （SRP） in eukaryotic cell is very clear and uniform. In contrast, SRP systems are different in various kinds of prokaryotic ceils, So it is difficult to identify. Nowadays, the studies of prokaryotic SRP system focus on the structure and function of Ffh, FtsY, 4.5S RNA, and GTP as a regulating molecular. Here, a description was given on research progress of constitutes, structures and functions of bacterial SRP complex proteins. The research status of streptomyces SRP pathway was also reviewed, and this study in streptomyces will be helpful to explain the molecular mechanism of prokaryotic SRP system.