好氧堆肥的代谢酶变化和生物毒性物质的降解

Variation of Metabolic Enzymes and Degradation of Phytotoxicity Materials in Aerobic Composting

通过2个堆肥试验,监测堆肥温度,测试pH值、种子发芽指数以及脲酶、纤维素酶、磷酸酶和β-葡糖苷酶活性等指标,探讨了畜禽场废弃物好氧堆肥的代谢酶变化特征和生物毒性物质的降解规律.结果表明:堆肥过程中pH值较堆肥前有所提高,进入高温期后明显上升;堆肥初期脲酶、磷酸酶和β-葡糖苷酶的活性均明显上升,在中后期下降并趋于稳定.而纤维素酶活性在堆肥过程中始终维持较高水平.种子发芽指数则随着堆肥进程的推移呈现明显的上升趋势,并在后期逐渐稳定.

Two pilot composting experiments were carried out to investigate some parameters about the variation of metabolic enzymes and the degradation of phytotoxicity materials in the aerobic composting of animal waste, such as the composting temperature, the pH value, the germination index, as well as the activities of urease, cellulase, phosphatase and β-glucosidase. The results show that （ 1 ） the pH value in the composting is greater than that of raw composting materials, and sharply increases in the thermophilic phase, （2） the activities of urease, phosphatase and β-glucosidase increase rapidly at the initial stage of the composting, then begin to decrease and keep stable at the middle and final stages of the composting, （3） the activity of cellulase maintains a high level in the whole composting, and （4） the germination index gradually increases in the composting and finally keeps unchanged at the final stage of the composting.