泥石流灾害的分形研究

Fractal Research on Debris Flow Disaster

复杂性是各个学科面临的共同难题,分形理论作为解决复杂性问题的有力工具被提出以来,得到了广泛的应用。在泥石流灾害中的应用也得到不断深入研究。本文在结合前人研究的基础上,从泥石流发生机理、泥石流堆积、泥石流沟谷形态和水系的发育演化以及泥石流预测四个方面论述了分形理论在泥石流灾害研究中的应用,将分维作为表征泥石流灾害系统的有效参量,揭示了泥石流灾害中的某些规律,反映了泥石流的一些本质现象。

Complexity is a common difficult problem in all of the science branches. Fractal theory, as a powerful tool to solve the complicated problems, has been widely applied since it was introduced by B. Mandelbrot in 1982. The application of fractal theory to debris flow has obtained lots of sensible results. In this paper, according to predecessor＇s research, the authors describe the application of fractal theory in this field from the following four aspects, generation mechanism, accumulation, conformation, growth and evolvement of debris flow gullies and their hydrographic nets, and prediction. The authors find that fractal dimension can be regarded as an important characteristic preference to reflect some intrinsic regularity and phenomenon of debris flow.