战国形声字之异体与战国古音研究

The Variant of the Phonogram hi the Zhan Guo Dynasty and the Ancient Sound Studying

战国文字的谐声现象是研究战国语音的重要凭借。从异体字不同的声符入手来研究战国古音,也是比较值得肯定的 办法。战国形声字的异体字有三个种类:换用不同的声符、换用不同的形符、换用不同的声符和形符。在声母方面的特点是:以本 组声母自谐为主,舌上音本组之间的关系密切,尤其是余母、定母更为突出。唇音帮、滂、并关系密切。喉音见、溪、群及影、匣关系 密切。在韵母方面的特点是:以本母自谐为主,这种现象比声母更突出。

It is very important to sutdy the phonogram in the Zhan Guo Dynasty. An extraordinary way is that we can study the ancient sound by use of the different vocal sign in the variant characters. There are three kinds of variant characters in the Zhan Guo Dynasty. The first is that the different vocal signs are used. The second is variform signs. The last is that the different vocal signs and the variform signs are used simultaneously. There are many characteristics about the initial. Firstly, the initials of a sort use themselves each other. Secondly, the relations are consanguineous among the lingual, especially Yu and Ding initial. Lastly, the connection is close among labiodentals of Bang, Pang and Bing. The nexus is compact among laryngeal sound of Jian, Xi and Qun. In addition, the laryngeal sound of Ying and Xia have consanguineous relations. An outstanding trait about rhymes is that there is a great deal of harmonious rhymes in the Zhan Guo Dynasty.