儿童和青少年动态血压及其相关因素研究

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Recording and Related Factors in Children and Adolescents

方法对150名年龄自11～18岁的男性儿童和青少年进行24 h 动态血压监测(ABP)。结果 142例分为11～12岁,13～15岁,16～18岁3个年龄组。ABP(mmHg)第95百分位数分别为:115/65,120/69,124/76;24 h ABP 的上限为:110/63, 115/66,121/69;白天平均血压(自10AM～8PM)为:115/67,119/69,124/72;夜间平均血压(自12PM～6AM)为:105/59,109/64,115/67,ABP 低于 CBP(偶测血压);ABP 和 CBP 与年龄、身高、体重指数(BMI)正相关,各年龄组的 CBP、ABP、白天血压、夜间血压以及百分位数均随年龄和 BMI 逐渐增高;ABP的生理性周期变化与成人相似;没有发现24 h 尿电解质浓度与血压有意义的相关;有一、二级亲属患高血压病的儿童和青少年24 h ABP 显著升高。

Aim Research the applicability of am- bulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)in chil- dren and adolescents.Methods ABPM was per- formed on 150 children and adolescents between the ages of 11 and 18 years,142 were further divided into 11～12,13～15,16～18 yrs age groups.Results The 24h ABP(mmHg)95th percentile were 115/65, 120/69,124/76,respectively.The upper limits(± s)for the mean of 24h SBP and DBP were 110/63, 115/66,121/69;daytime(10AM～SPM)mean values were 115/67,119/69,124/72;night-time(12PM～ 6AM)mean values were 105/59,109/64,115/67 in three subgroup respectively.Mean ambulatory blood pressure was lower than casual blood pressure (CBP).Significant positive correlations were ob- served between CBP,ABP and age,height,BMI. An increase in CBP,ABP,daytime BP,night-time BP,percentiles with age and BMI was found.The circadian rhythm variability was similar to that of adult.No significant correlation between ABP and 24 h urinary electrolytes excretion was found.The chil- dren and adolescents with first or second grade famil- ial history of hypertension had higher 24 h average blood pressure.