他人期望类型对6～10岁儿童不同类型反语认知的影响

THE EFFECTS OF OTHERS' EXPECTANCY ON 6-TO 10-YEAR-OLDCHILDREN'S COGNITION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF IRONY

以态度、话语含义和语言现象探测为指标,探讨他人期望类型对6～10岁儿童不同类型反语认知的影响.结果表明：（1）他人期望类型（内隐和外显）影响儿童对他人态度和话语含义的探测,但不影响语言现象探测;（2）儿童在反语认知不同方面表现出发展的不平衡性.6岁儿童已具备初步的反语认知能力,开始能够理解反语中说话者的态度和话语含义,但还不能正确解释反语现象.直至10岁,儿童对反语现象的解释能力仍在发展中.（3）儿童对不同类型反语认知水平不同.6岁儿童对两类反语的解释不存在显著差异,8岁和10岁儿童对两类反语解释均存在显著差异.与反语恭维比,8岁和10岁儿童能更好地解释反语批评.

Using attitude, meaning and language phenomenon detections as survey others＇ expectancy on the cognition of different types of irony among children indexes, the study inspected the effects of aged 6-to10 in China. The results showed ： （1）the types of others＇ expectancy （explicit or implicit）affected the attitude and meaning detections of children, but had no effects on the language phenomenon detection of children; （2）the children displayed developmental unbalance in different aspects of irony cognition. 6-year-old children have possessed tentative irony cognitive ability, they began to understand the attitude and the discourse meaning of the speaker, but they could not explain irony phenomenon correctly. Untill 10-year-old, the ability of children＇ s interpretation of irony phenomenon were still developing;（3）the children＇ cognitive levels of different types of irony were different. There were not noticeable differences between 6-year-old children＇ interpretations of two types of irony, but there were striking differences between 8-year-old and 10-year-old children＇interpretations of two types of irony. Compared with irony flatteries, 8-year-old and 10-year-old children could interpret irony criticisms better.