对医疗事故技术鉴定中自由心证的探讨

Discussion about judicial discretion in medical malpractice arbitration

医疗事故技术鉴定结论是卫生行政部门、司法机关处理医疗事故争议的重要依据和证 据。由于医疗事故技术鉴定存在设计上的缺陷,技术鉴定中专家对证据采信存在困难。在医疗事故技 术鉴定中应当引入自由心证原则。在心证中,专家必需遵循如下原则:依照法定程序,全面、客观审核医 患双方提供的证据;遵循鉴定工作道德,确保鉴定的中立性;运用专业知识、临床实践经验和逻辑推理; 依法对证据进行独立判断,明确鉴定结论。运用自由心证必需接受法律法规制约,并承担相应的法律责 任。

Results of medical malpractice arbitration are important evidence and proofs for public health departments and judicial institutions to handle properly disputes over medical accidents. Owing to the flaws that exist in the structure of medical malpractice arbitration, arbitration specialists sometimes find it difficult to accept the evidence and proofs. The author of the present paper suggests that judicial discretion be introduced in medical malpractice arbitration. When exercising judicial discretion, the specialists should comply with the following principles： ①Review objectively the evidence and proofs provided by both the physicians and patients according to law. ②Ensure neutral arbitration according to the ethics of arbitration. ③Apply specialized knowledge, clinical experience and logical inference. ④Make independent and lawful judgments and draw definite conclusions. Anyone who exercises judicial discretion should do so in the light of laws and regulations and bear corresponding legal responsibilities.