摘要
目的:研究徐长卿生药学特征,为药材鉴别与质量控制提供依据。方法:利用肉眼与显微镜观察各器官形态、性状、组织结构与粉末特征,TLC检测成分。结果:叶对生、披针形,花冠黄绿色,花粉粒粘连为花粉块,果角状,种子先端有一簇白色细长毛;药材根茎节及节间明显,根呈细长须状,质脆,断面粉性、白色,中央为细小黄白色木心,具丹皮酚特有香气;根维管束为外韧型,根茎、茎维管束和叶主脉维管束均为双韧型;粉末中淀粉粒为主体,单粒或复粒,脐点为裂缝状、人字状或星状,草酸钙簇晶较多且棱角较钝,具缘纹孔导管为主,表皮细胞微木化,形状特殊;活性成分丹皮酚主要存在于根和根茎中。结论:徐长卿生药学特征明显,与其他药材有显著区别;以全草作为药材应用不合理,应以根与根茎入药。
Objective: provide scientific basis for distinguishing Radix Cynanchi Paniculati and controlling the quality of Radix Cynanchi Paniculati from pharmacognostic study. Methods; observe the property, tissue structure, morphological, powery characters of all organs in Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag. with eyes and microscope. Determine composition difference with TLC. Results. Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag. has lanceate opposite leaves, green-yellow corolla. Its pollen grain coheres to pollen mass, the follicle grows independently and is ceratoid, the edge of the seed has white slender trichotoma. For the Radix Cynanchi Paniculati, its rhizome and internode are clear, the root is fibrous, slender and columniform. Its texture is crisp, section cut is white and powdery and has special aroma of paeonol. There is fine and white-yellow duramen in the center of the cut section. The root has collateral vascular bundle, however rhizome, stem and main veins of leaves have bicollateral vascular bundle. When it comes to the powder, its main components are simple or compound starch grain, hilum is interstitial, lambdoidal or asteroid, pitted vessels are the main vessels, epidermis cell is little lignified, and has special shape. More calcium oxalate crystals can be seen in the powder under the microscope, and their comers are blunt. Paeonol exsits mainly in roots and rhizomes, whereas there is little paeonol in stems and leaves. Conclusion: the pharmacognostic character of Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag. is distinct from other medicinal plants, and the Radix Cynanchi Paniculati differs from other medicinal materials markedly. It is unreasonable to use all the organs of Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag. as medicinal materials, the roots and rhizomes are reasonable.
出处
《山东中医药大学学报》
2005年第6期472-475,共4页
Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家"十五"重大科技专项"创新药物和中药现代化"项目子课题(2001BA701A62-08)
关键词
徐长卿
形态特征
药材性状
显微鉴定
丹皮酚
薄层色谱
Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.) Kitag.
morphological character
Radix Cynanchi Paniculati property
microappraise
paeonol
thin-layer chromatography