隐逸之士与汉代政治文化

Recluse and the Political Culture of Han Dynasty

在中国传统政治文化理念中,为学与为政是统一的,但当不能弘道及要坚持士人气节之时,隐逸就是一种必然选择。随着汉代中央集权的加深,隐逸之士在由体制内自动疏离至体制外的同时,政治也在渗入这种非主流行为中。通过征召隐逸之士的举措,一方面体现了皇恩与开明,并由此对在朝士人施压;另一方面也使得隐逸出现了功利异化,隐居山林的形式被政治所利用,一些隐士不得不以朝隐的方式来寄托志向,隐逸也被打上了深刻的时代和政治烙印。

In Chinese traditional political culture conception,for study with for the politics was unified,but when persisting the gentleman's moral courage,seclusion was an inevitable choice.Along with Han Dynasty centralization strengthening,when recluse automatically drifted from the system inside to system outside,politics also permeated in the non-mainstream behavior.Through recruiting recluse,on the one hand it manifested the emperor's graciousness and enlightened,which exerted pressure towards the gentleman;On the other hand it also caused the utility dissimilation of seclusion,the way to be secluded in the mountain was utilized by politics,and some recluse had to hide their ambition.Therefore seclusion was marked with the times and the politics.