受害马尾松、湿地松挥发性化学物质的释放

Volatile compounds release from damaged Pinus massioniana and Pinus elliotii

萜烯类化合物是针叶树防御昆虫为害的重要组分。对盆栽马尾松、湿地松进行未受害、接虫咬食为害、人工剪叶处理后,用TCT-GC-M S分析了叶片挥发物的成分及相对含量。结果表明:人工剪叶后马尾松挥发物相对含量除α-蒎烯降低外,其余都有所升高,但挥发性化学物质相对含量出现高峰的时间没有规律性;虫害后,挥发物的相对含量除水芹烯降低外,其余均在1h升高,同时检测到p-薄荷-1.4(δ)-二烯,但其变化较小。湿地松受害后检测到7种挥发性化学物质,除人工剪叶后α-蒎烯、虫害后α-蒎烯、水芹烯相对含量降低外,其它挥发物的相对含量在不同的时间内都有所升高。β-蒎烯在两种松树受害后都有显著的变化,马尾松中的石竹烯没有明显的变化,氨茴酸-3,5-二甲基-3-乙烯基-4-己烯酯、大香叶烯D只在湿地松中检测到,而且其变化显著。

Terpenes are very important components for defense response against herbivore attacks in conifers. Using TCT-GCGC technique, composition and relative contents of volatile organic compounds were respectively analyzed in undamaged （control）, insect-damaged （ID） and artificially-damaged （AD） leaves of Pinus massioniana and Pinus elliottii in a pot experiment at different times. Results showed that, broadly, relative contents of volatile organic compounds released from P. massoniana significantly increased with time, except the α-pinene. In ID leaves treatment and for the same tree species, relative products contents augmented after 1 hr, except the phellandrene. The 9-mentha-1. 4 （δ）-diene was weakly detected. In another hand, seven volatile substances have been detected after P. elliottii leaves have been damaged： an obvious decrease of α-pinene in AD treatments and α-pinene with phellandrene in ID treatments, was induced. The emission rate of β-pinene significantly changed in the two leaf-damaged pines. No caryophyllene release has been noticed from P. massoniana. High emission of Anthranilic acid, 3.5-dimethyl-3-vinyl-4-hexenyl ester and Germacrene D has also been detected in P. elliottii.