水蛭子考——中日洪水神话比较

Study on Shuizhi Son——A Comparison between Chinese and Japanese Myths on Flood

中日洪水神话都有洪水为灾、兄妹结婚和再殖人类的情节。作为洪水兄妹婚的结晶,日本的怪胎神水蛭子与中国的洪水怪胎神既有联系又有区别,他们具有原龙神、地母神和异形神的神格,但水蛭子没有像中国的洪水怪胎神那样被杀死而变成人类,而是被弃于舟上,放逐到大海。其原因除了对血缘婚的恐惧以外,还与水蛭子本来是太阳神有关。因为放逐大海和回归天空具有同一性。这是理解水蛭子命运的关键所在。尽管如此,中日洪水神话是同源异流的关系,其文化之根在中国的南方。

There are always such plots as flooding disasters, brothers marrying sisters and begetting offspring in Chinese and Japanese myths on flood. As the descendant of flooding marriage between brother and sister, the Japanese flooding eccentric god Shuizhi Son has something both in common and in difference with Chinese flooding eccentric god, both having the god＇ s characters of Original Dragon God, Earth - Mother Goddess and Eccentric God. But unlike Chinese Flooding Eccentric God who was killed before becoming human, the Japanese one was abandoned on a boat and banished to the sea. The reason may be that the Japanese Eccentric God Shuizhi Son was a god of sun, besides for the fear of bloodline marriage, because banishing to the sea is identical to returning to the heaven, which is the key to the understanding of Shuizhi Son＇s fate. However, the Chinese and Japanese myths on flood originated from the same resource but flowed into two branches with its cultural root in south China.