中低剂量噪声暴露与工人高频听力损伤的剂量－反应关系

A dose-respose relationship for mid-low level noise induced high frequency hearing loss in workers

本文在１２０名接触中低剂量噪声、未出现语频听损的工人中发现高频听力损伤４２人（经年龄性别校正，患病率３５．０％），累积噪声暴露量由＜７５ｄＢ（Ａ）增加至＞９５ｄＢ（Ａ）时，高频听力损伤患病率由６．３％上升至５３．３％。用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型进一步观察到累积噪声暴露量增加１ｄＢ（Ａ）时，调整后的ＯｄｄｓＲａｔｉｏ为１．１３６（Ｐ＝０．００１），证实中低剂量噪声暴露与高频听力损伤之间存在剂量－反应关系，长期接触中低剂量噪声可在一定程度上引起高频听力损伤。

Forty two cases of high frequency noise induced hearing loss(HFNIHL,adjusted by age and sex)were found in 120 workers exposed to mid-low level noise with a prevalence at 35.0%,No case of low frequency noise induced hearing loss was found in the same population,An increase of the prevalence of HFNIHL from 6.3%to 53.3%was found with the cumulative noise exposure was increased from<75 dB(A).year to>95 dB(A).year,A logistic regression model was used to observe its dose-response relationship.It was demonstrated that the adjusted odds ratio for HFNIHL was 1.136 after 1 dB(A)increase of noise exposure which showed statistical significance(P=0.001).It suggested that there was a dose-response relationship between the mid-low level noise exposure and the HFNIHL.