物权法动产抵押制度的构建

Defining the Mortgage Practice of Movables in the Property Right Law

物权法草案有关动产抵押的相关规定不尽合理。可设定抵押的动产范围限定过窄，抵押财产转让方面有违商品经济的本质要求及对受让人明显不公平。我国物权法应明确规定合法动产均可设定抵押，取消抵押人转让抵押财产须经抵押权人同意的规定；同时为平衡抵押权人与受让人之间的利益冲突，保护交易安全，针对抵押人转让抵押财产是无偿、有偿、价格是否合理等不同情形，分别予以规制。

The rules relating to mortgages over movables under the current version of the Property Right Law（Draft） are not reasonable because the scope of movables which may be mortgaged are too narrow. The restrictions on transferring movable collaterals are against the inherent needs of a market-orientated eeonomy and are obviously unfair to the assignees. The Property Right Law（Draft） should expressly permit creating mortgage interests over all legilimate movables and delete the requirement for mortgagee＇s consent to transfer any collaterals. In order to balance the interests of mortgagees and assignees and protect the safety of transactions, the Property Right Law （Draft） will have to provide different treatments to transactions relating to collateral transfers depending on the existence and reasonableness of the consideration.