腐植酸复合肥对油菜的施用效应及生理指标的影响

Effects of humic acid compound fertilizer on the application rates of rape and its physiological index

采用微区试验研究自制腐植酸复合肥对油菜的施用效应及生理指标的影响。结果表明:不同肥料用量对油菜品质和各种生理活性均有明显影响,并影响最终产量。与无机肥相比,腐植酸复合肥表现明显的优势。该复合肥的用量与油菜鲜重呈显著二次曲线相关,施肥量在1 005 kg/hm2时,鲜重高达69.19 t/hm2。在肥力较高的土壤上,施用腐植酸复合肥较无机肥提高油菜体内Vc含量,但只有前者用量在300 kg/hm2时,油菜中Vc含量超过不施肥,以后随施肥量增加Vc含量逐渐下降。硝酸还原酶活性和NO3--N含量随施肥量增加而增加,以后逐渐降低,硝酸还原酶活性峰值在600 kg/hm2,NO3--N含量的峰值则在1 200 kg/hm2;蒸腾速率与硝酸还原酶活性变化趋势基本一致,只是前者峰值出现在900 kg/hm2时,气孔扩散阻力与蒸腾速率变化趋势相反。

Effects of HA compound fertilizer on the application rates of rape （Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis L. Makino） and its physiological index were studied under the field conditions. The results showed that different compound fertilizer amount could affect the quality, physiological activities and final yield. Compared with inorganic fertilizer, HA compound fertilizer represented some advantages. Relationship between fertilizer amount and fresh weight of rape could be described with quadratic curve regression model. The highest fresh weight of rape was 69.19 t/hm^2 when HA compound fertilizer was 1 005 kg/hm^2. On the higher-fertility-soil, the Vc content of rape treated by HA compound fertilizer was increased by contrast with inorganic fertilizer. But in the former it was excess of the no-fertilizer treatment only when the amount at 300 kg/hm^2. Then it was decreased with fertilizer amount increase. Nitrate reductase activity （NRA） was enhanced with the fertilizer amount, then decreased when the fertilizer amount was in excess of 600 kg/hm^2, but the content of NO3^- -N decreased when it exceeding 1 200 kg/hm^2. The change of transpiration rate was consistent with NRA, but the former＇s peak appeared at 900 kg/hm^2. Tendency of diffuse resistance was reverse of transpiration rate.