GPS-RTK技术及其在露天矿边坡位移监测中的应用

GPS- RTK Technology and Its Application to Slope Displacement Monitoring in Open Pit Mines

高陡边坡的稳定性一直是露天矿开采中倍受关注的重要安全问题之一。露天矿高陡边坡在发生跨塌破坏前，会有一个缓慢的位移过程发生。因此，通过对高陡边坡微小位移的监测可以实现对其发生灾难性跨塌的预测。本文讨论了露天矿边坡位移传统监测方法的缺陷及新型的基于GPS的自动监测技术所具有的独特优势，介绍了适用于露天矿边坡位移监测的高精度的GPS技术—RTK技术，阐明了基于GPS—RTK的露天矿边坡位移自动监测系统、边坡安全预警准则及监测实施的基本原则。旨在为相关研究与应用提供有益的借鉴。

The stability of high slope of open pit mine is an important safe issue which is always concerned about during the operation of the open pit mine. Prior to the collapse of the open pit wall, usually a slow displacement of the high slope occurs. Thereby, we can predict the catastrophic collapse by means of monitoring the small displacement of the slope. The paper discusses the shortcoming of the traditional slope monitoring methods in open pit mines and the advantages of the new type technology based on Globe Positioning System （GPS）, introduces the RTK technology which is one of GPS technologies with high precision and suitable for monitoring very small displacement of open pit mine wails, clarifies the automated monitoring system for the open pit wall based on GPS- RTK. As well, the safety guiding rules and the implemented principles of the automated monitoring system are discussed. The purpose of this paper is to offer some valuable references for related studies and applications.