斑龙芋属(天南星科)及近缘属植物的叶表皮形态

Characters of Leaf Epidermis in Genus Sauromatum (Araceae) and It's Relative Genera

光镜、电镜下观察了天南星科天南星族下斑龙芋属2个种及近缘属13个种植物的叶表皮形态特征。实验结果显示,4属植物的叶表皮组成及其形态特征较相似,属间不存在明显差异,但某些特征在种间存在差异,可作为种的鉴别特征。叶表皮特征支持将单籽犁头尖和昆明犁头尖两个种合并为一个种。15个种的气孔器均具有2个副卫细胞,Stebbins andKhush认为这是气孔器类型中较具2个以上副卫细胞更进化的一种类型,而天南星科大多数族的气孔器都具有2个以上的副卫细胞,这也证明了天南星族是天南星科较进化的族。

Leaf epidermis of 2 species in genus Sauromatum Schott were examined under light microscope and scanning electron microscope （SEM） and compared with that of 13 species in genera Typhonium, PineUia and Arisaema in the same tribe Area of Araceae. The result reveals that the characters of leaf epidermis between the sveral genera generally are very similar. However, some of the characters in the species of the same genus are variable and can be used to identify its species. The characters of leaf epidermis support to merge Typhonium kunmingense into Typhonium calcicolum. The stomata apparatus of 15 species are all brachyparacytic types with 2 subsidiary cells. This type of stomata apparatus is considered more evolutional than that with more than 2 subsidiary cells which existed in majority tribes of Araceae. This also verify some taxonomists＇ viewpoint that tribe Area is more evolutional in family Araceae.